American Animal Hospital Association; American Association of Feline Practitioners; AAHA/AAFP Pain Management Guidelines Task Force Members, Hellyer P, Rodan I, Brunt J, Downing R, Hagedorn JE, Robertson SA.

J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2007 Sep-Oct;43(5):235-48. 

Pain management in dogs and cats has undergone a dramatic evolution in the past decade.

Current approaches focus on anticipation and prevention of pain, as well as both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic management techniques.

The veterinary team plays an essential role in educating pet owners about recognizing and managing pain in their pets.